愈疡膏外敷联合西药治疗复发型活动期溃疡性结肠炎临床研究

目的:探讨愈疡膏贴敷神阙穴联合西药治疗溃疡性结肠炎的疗效及其可能的作用机制。方法:将80例溃疡性结肠炎患者按随机数字表法分为中西药联合治疗组和西药对照组各40例。治疗组采用愈疡膏贴敷神阙穴加美沙拉嗪片及复方嗜酸乳杆菌片治疗,对照组采用安慰膏贴敷神阙穴加美沙拉嗪片及复方嗜酸乳杆菌片治疗,疗程为90 d。评价其对溃疡性结肠炎患者的综合疗效,生活质量的影响,并探讨其可能的作用机制。结果:治疗组总有效率为86.8%,对照组为64.9%,治疗组优于对照组(P<0.05);治疗组可降低血小板计数、血清钙卫蛋白、IL-17F。治疗组IBDQ量表全身症状、肠道症状、情感能力和社会能力评分及总分均高于西药组(P<0.05)。结论:愈疡膏贴敷神阙穴配合西药治疗溃疡性结肠炎能控制溃疡性结肠炎活动,促进溃疡愈合,提高患者生活质量。     

基于网络药理学探讨芪苈强心胶囊治疗充血性心力衰竭的作用机制＊

目的 探讨芪苈强心胶囊（简称：QLQX）用于治疗充血性心力衰竭的活性成分和分子作用机制，为临床使用和深入开发提供依据。方法 采用超高压液相色谱-串联质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）法对QLQX中的主要化学成分进行定性分析，利用数据库查找其相关作用靶标。检索相关网络信息，筛选并确定充血性心力衰竭靶标，运用网络药理学方法，构建化学成分-靶标相互作用网络，检索DIVID数据库，进行生物过程和生物通路分析，获得QLQX的作用靶标和相关生物通路信息。结果 通过UPLC-MS/MS法在QLQX中共检测出103个化学成分，可作用于827个靶标。深入研究表明，QLQX中的98个化学成分组成的活性成分群可与91个相关靶标相互作用。网络分析表明，QLQX的主要活性成分为25个，关键靶标19个，包括STAT3、VEGFA、ADORA1、TP53、IL6、EDN1、SIRT1、ADORA3、ADRB2、HTR2A、MAPK14、MMP9、MTOR、NOS2、NOS3、TNF、PPARG、AGTR1、IL1B。QLQX可通过调节14条心血管疾病相关通路来发挥治疗DHF的作用，其中最主要的生物通路有4条，包括钙生物通路、HIF-1生物通路、TRP通道炎症介质调节和血管平滑肌收缩。结论 本研究从系统和整体的角度阐释了QLQX的作用机制，初步明确了组方的活性成分，可为QLQX物质基础和活性作用机制的深入研究提供依据。     

The Global Vaccine Action Plan – insights into its utility,application, and ways to strengthen future plans

BackgroundThe pace of global progress must increase if the Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP) goals are to be achieved by 2020. We administered a two-phase survey to key immunization stakeholders to assess the utility and application of GVAP, including how it has impacted country immunization programs, and to find ways to strengthen the next 10-year plan.MethodsFor the Phase I survey, an online questionnaire was sent to global immunization stakeholders in summer 2017. The Phase II survey was sent to regional and national immunization stakeholders in summer 2018, including WHO Regional Advisors on Immunization, Expanded Programme on Immunization managers, and WHO and UNICEF country representatives from 20 countries. Countries were selected based on improvements (10) versus decreases (10) in DTP3 coverage from 2010 to 2016.ResultsGlobal immunization stakeholders (n = 38) cite global progress in improving vaccine delivery (88%) and engaging civil society organizations as advocates for vaccines (83%). Among regional and national immunization stakeholders (n = 58), 70% indicated reaching mobile and underserved populations with vaccination activities as a major challenge. The top ranked activities for helping country programs achieve progress toward GVAP goals include improved monitoring of vaccination coverage and upgrading disease surveillance systems. Most respondents (96%) indicated GVAP as useful for determining immunization priorities and 95% were supportive of a post-2020 GVAP strategy.ConclusionsImmunization stakeholders see GVAP as a useful tool, and there is cause for excitement as the global immunization community looks toward the next decade of vaccines. The next 10-year plan should attempt to increase political will, align immunization activities with other health system agendas, and address important issues like reaching mobile/migrant populations and improving data reporting systems.     

Essential oils of Origanum compactum increase membrane permeability,disturb cell membrane integrity,and suppress quorum-sensing phenotype in bacteria

The aim of this study was to investigate antibacterial activity of Origanum compactum essential oils collected at three phenological stages on Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. The antibacterial activity was evaluated using the agar-well diffusion assay. The MIC and MBC values were determined using the micro-dilution assay. The investigation of the antibacterial action was carried out by the evaluation of the effect of O. compactum essential oils on the antibacterial kinetic growth, the integrity of cell membrane and permeability of the cell membrane. The anti-quorum sensing activity was tested by the inhibition of the biofilm formation. The findings of this study showed that O. compactum essential oil has potent antibacterial activities against E. coli and B. subtilis. The lowest inhibition value against B. subtilis was obtained with O. compactum essential oil at the post-flowering stage (MIC = MBC = 0.0312% (v/v)). The antibacterial mechanisms of O. compactum essential oils are related to the disturbing of the cell membrane integrity and the increasing of the membrane permeability, which leads to the leakage of genetic materials (DNA and RNA). Moreover, O. compactum essential oils inhibited the formation of the biofilms, a phenotype that has been known to be quorum sensing regulated.     

近几年中药附子的文献研究

附子作为有毒中药常用于多种疾病的治疗,由于广泛的临床应用和潜在的毒性受到青睐,其中,附子化学成分和药理作用等研究取得了许多实验成果。本文通过检索中国知网、万方、维普等数据库,分析梳理大量文献,对附子结构及药理进行探讨分析,旨在扩大附子使用范围和提高使用频率,为附子实验研究和应用研究提供参考和借鉴。     

基于网络药理学方法探究补肾活血汤治疗激素性股骨头坏死的作用机制

目的:探讨补肾活血汤治疗激素性股骨头坏死(steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head,SONFH)的作用机制。方法:通过中医药整合药理学网络计算研究平台(integrative pharmacology-based network computational research platform of Traditional Chinese Medicine,TCMIP)v2.0预测、筛选补肾活血汤组方中14味中药的作用靶标,通过GeneCards、CTD和OMIM数据库查询SONFH的疾病靶点。根据获取的药物靶标和疾病靶点,进一步利用TCMIP v2.0中医药关联网络分析模块构建"药物靶标-疾病靶点"相互作用网络,根据网络拓扑特征值筛选补肾活血汤治疗SONFH的核心作用靶点。利用GO和KEGG数据库,采用富集算法挖掘上述方剂核心作用靶点的生物学功能和通路信息。结果:共获得891个补肾活血汤药物靶标和365个SONFH疾病靶点。经"药物靶标-疾病靶点"相互作用网络分析,最终筛选出31个补肾活血汤治疗SONFH核心靶点,GO功能分析富集出生物过程532条、分子功能29条,KEGG信号通路富集分析出相关通路共12条,主要涉及炎症免疫调节(chemokine signaling pathway,Toll-like receptor signaling pathway,NOD-like receptor signaling pathway,leukocyte transendothelial migration,Complement and coagulation cascades,cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction)、血管新生及血液循环调节(VEGF signaling pathway)、神经系统调节(neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction)和细胞功能调节(apoptosis,regulation of actin cytoskeleton)等方面。结论:结合SONFH的病理机制,排除缺乏特异性的信号通路,我们推测补肾活血汤可能通过调节TLR4/NF-κB和VEGF信号通路发挥补肾壮骨、活血化瘀的功效,这可能是其治疗SONFH的作用机制之一。     

常见植物药对结肠癌的防治作用及其作用机制

植物药对结肠癌具有良好的防治作用。姜黄素、多糖(苹果多糖、香菇多糖)、皂苷(重楼皂苷、人参皂苷)、白藜芦醇、槲皮素等植物药可通过不同信号通路抑制结肠癌细胞的增殖,促进细胞凋亡。此外,植物药还具有抗炎、抗氧化、抗血管生成、减轻化疗药物不良反应、逆转肿瘤细胞耐药等作用。了解植物药对结肠癌的防治作用及其可能的作用机制,能为结肠癌的临床防治提供更多的理论依据及治疗思路。     

白术的化学成分与药理作用及复方临床应用进展

白术作为一味传统中药,在历代本草著作中广泛记载,其功效有一定演变。现代研究发现,其主要化学成分有挥发油、多糖、内酯类等,具有抗肿瘤、抗炎、调节消化系统等药理作用。临床以中药复方的形式应用于胃肠道疾病、心血管疾病、免疫系统疾病、肝脏疾病等治疗。对近5年SCI收录的白术相关文章进行分析,简述其化学成分,重点围绕着药理作用以及复方的临床应用展开论述,为其进一步开发利用提供参考。